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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001) - Djibouti (2004)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001) z Djibouti (2004)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001)Djibouti (2004)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsDjibouti
Administrative divisions - 5 districts (cercles, singular - cercle); 'Ali Sabih, Dikhil, Djibouti, Obock, Tadjoura
Age structure - 0-14 years: 43.2% (male 101,168; female 100,545)


15-64 years: 53.7% (male 131,320; female 119,387)


65 years and over: 3.1% (male 7,327; female 7,153) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - fruits, vegetables; goats, sheep, camels
Airports - 13 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 3


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1524 to 2437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 10


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 5


under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Area total:
5 sq km

land:
5 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 23,000 sq km


land: 22,980 sq km


water: 20 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than Massachusetts
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983 it became a National Nature Reserve. Recent geological explorations have indicated promising petroleum formations. The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. Hassan Gouled APTIDON installed an authoritarian one-party state and proceeded to serve three consecutive six-year terms as president. Unrest among the Afars minority during the 1990s led to multi-party elections resulting in President Ismail Omar GUELLEH attaining office in May 1999. A peace accord in 2001 ended the final phases of a ten-year uprising by Afar rebels. Djibouti occupies a very strategic geographic location at the mouth of the Red Sea and serves as an important transshipment location for goods entering and leaving the east African highlands. GUELLEH favors close ties to France, which maintains a significant military presence in the country.
Birth rate - 40.39 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $135 million


expenditures: $182 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1999 est.)
Capital - Djibouti
Climate tropical desert; torrid, dry
Coastline 74.1 km 314 km
Constitution - multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September 1992
Country name conventional long form:
Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands

conventional short form:
Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: Republic of Djibouti


conventional short form: Djibouti


former: French Territory of the Afars and Issas, French Somaliland
Currency - Djiboutian franc (DJF)
Death rate - 19.42 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - $366 million (2002 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Marguerita RAGSDALE


embassy: Plateau du Serpent, Boulevard Marechal Joffre, Djibouti


mailing address: B. P. 185, Djibouti


telephone: [253] 35 39 95


FAX: [253] 35 39 40
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador ROBLE Olhaye


chancery: Suite 515, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005


telephone: [1] (202) 331-0270


FAX: [1] (202) 331-0302
Disputes - international none Djibouti maintains economic ties and border accords with "Somaliland" leadership while maintaining some political ties to various factions in Somalia including the Somali Transitional National Government in Mogadishu
Economic aid - recipient - $36 million (2001)
Economy - overview no economic activity The economy is based on service activities connected with the country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast Africa. Two-thirds of the inhabitants live in the capital city, the remainder being mostly nomadic herders. Scanty rainfall limits crop production to fruits and vegetables, and most food must be imported. Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and an international transshipment and refueling center. It has few natural resources and little industry. The nation is, therefore, heavily dependent on foreign assistance to help support its balance of payments and to finance development projects. An unemployment rate of 50% continues to be a major problem. Inflation is not a concern, however, because of the fixed tie of the franc to the US dollar. Per capita consumption dropped an estimated 35% over the last seven years because of recession, civil war, and a high population growth rate (including immigrants and refugees). Faced with a multitude of economic difficulties, the government has fallen in arrears on long-term external debt and has been struggling to meet the stipulations of foreign aid donors.
Electricity - consumption - 167.4 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 180 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Lac Assal -155 m


highest point: Moussa Ali 2,028 m
Environment - current issues NA inadequate supplies of potable water; limited arable land; desertification; endangered species
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian 5%
Exchange rates - Djiboutian francs per US dollar - 177.721 (2003), 177.721 (2002), 177.721 (2001), 177.721 (2000), 177.721 (1999)
Executive branch - chief of state: President Ismail Omar GUELLEH (since 8 May 1999)


head of government: Prime Minister DILEITA Mohamed Dileita (since 4 March 2001)


cabinet: Council of Ministers responsible to the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 9 April 1999 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Ismail Omar GUELLEH elected president; percent of vote - Ismail Omar GUELLEH 74.4%, IDRIS Moussa Ahmed 25.6%
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - reexports, hides and skins, coffee (in transit)
Exports - partners - Somalia 63.9%, Yemen 22.5%, Ethiopia 4.7% (2003)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a red five-pointed star in the center
GDP - purchasing power parity - $619 million (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 3.5%


industry: 15.8%


services: 80.7% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 3.5% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 11 30 N, 43 00 E
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland; Lac Assal (Lake Assal) is the lowest point in Africa
Highways - total: 2,890 km


paved: 364 km


unpaved: 2,526 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products
Imports - partners - Saudi Arabia 19.7%, Ethiopia 10.9%, China 9.2%, France 6.5%, UK 5.1%, US 4.9% (2003)
Independence - 27 June 1977 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate - 3% (1996 est.)
Industries - construction, agricultural processing
Infant mortality rate - total: 105.54 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 113.3 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 97.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 2% (2002 est.)
International organization participation - ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, LAS, NAM, OIC, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1993) 10 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court or Cour Supreme
Labor force - 282,000 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation - NA
Land boundaries 0 km total: 516 km


border countries: Eritrea 109 km, Ethiopia 349 km, Somalia 58 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (all grass and sand)		 arable land: 0.04%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 99.96% (2001)
Languages - French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar
Legal system the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply based on French civil law system, traditional practices, and Islamic law
Legislative branch - unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (65 seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)


elections: last held 10 January 2003 (next to be held NA January 2008)


election results: percent of vote - RPP 62.2%, FRUD 36.9%; seats - RPP 65, FRUD 0; note - RPP (the ruling party) dominated the election
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 43.12 years


male: 41.83 years


female: 44.44 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 67.9%


male: 78%


female: 58.4% (2003 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia
Map references Southeast Asia Africa
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
12 NM

continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
3 NM		 territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,369 GRT/3,030 DWT


by type: cargo 1 (2004 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force -
Military branches - Djibouti National Army (including Navy and Air Force)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $26.5 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 4.4% (2003)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 108,771 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 64,540 (2004 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 27 June (1977)
Nationality - noun: Djiboutian(s)


adjective: Djiboutian
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods
Natural resources fish geothermal areas
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; Djibouti Development Party or PDD [Mohamed Daoud CHEHEM]; Front pour la Restauration de l'Unite Democratique or FRUD [Ali Mohamed DAOUD]; People's Progress Assembly or RPP (governing party) [Ismail Omar GUELLEH]; Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Moumin Bahdon FARAH]; Republican Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Ahmed Dini AHMED]; Union for Democracy and Justice or UDJ [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders - Union for Presidential Majority UMP (coalition includes RPP, FRUD, PPSD and PND); Union for Democratic Changeover or UAD (opposition coalition includes ARD, MRDD, UDJ, and PDD) [Ahmed Dini AHMED]
Population no indigenous inhabitants

note:
there are only seasonal caretakers (July 2001 est.)		 466,900 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - 50% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate - 2.1% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Djibouti
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2001)
Railways - total: 100 km (Djibouti segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railway)


narrow gauge: 100 km 1.000-m gauge


note: railway under joint control of Djibouti and Ethiopia (2003)
Religions - Muslim 94%, Christian 6%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female


total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal adult
Telephone system - general assessment: telephone facilities in the city of Djibouti are adequate as are the microwave radio relay connections to outlying areas of the country


domestic: microwave radio relay network


international: country code - 253; submarine cable to Jiddah, Suez, Sicily, Marseilles, Colombo, and Singapore; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; Medarabtel regional microwave radio relay telephone network
Telephones - main lines in use - 9,500 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 23,000 (2003)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (2002)
Terrain low with sand and coral coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains
Total fertility rate - 5.48 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - 50% (2000 est.)
Waterways none -
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